伊人直播

American Psychological Association (2009a). 鈥楻eport of the task force on appropriate therapeutic responses to sexual orientation鈥�. American Psychological Association.

American Psychological Association (2009b). 鈥楻eport of the APA task force on gender identity and gender variance鈥�. American Psychological Association.

American Psychological Association. (2012). 鈥楪uidelines for psychological practice with lesbian, gay, and bisexual clients鈥�. American Psychologist, 67(1), 10-42. Available at:

American Psychological Association (2015). 鈥楪uidelines for psychological practice with transgender and gender nonconforming people鈥�. American Psychologist, 70(9), 832-864. Available at:

Arthur E, McGill D, and Essary E H (2014). 鈥楶laying it straight: Framing strategies among reparative therapists鈥�. Sociological Inquiry, 84(1), 16-41. Available at:

Ashley F (2019). 鈥楬omophobia, conversion therapy, and care models for trans youth: defending the gender-affirmative approach鈥�. Journal of LGBT Youth, 1鈥�18. Available at:

Baams L, Grossman A H and Russell, ST (2015). 鈥楳inority stress and mechanisms of risk for depression and suicidal ideation among lesbian, gay, and bisexual youth鈥�. Developmental Psychology, 51(5), 688-696. Available at:

Bachmann C L and Gooch B (2018). 鈥楲GBT in Britain: health report鈥�. Stonewall/YouGov. Available at:

Bartlett A, Smith G and King M (2009). 鈥楾he response of mental health professionals to clients seeking help to change or redirect same-sex sexual orientation鈥�. BMC psychiatry, 9(1), 11. Available at:

Beckstead A L (2002). 鈥楥ures versus choices: Agendas in sexual reorientation therapy.鈥� Journal of Gay and Lesbian Psychotherapy 5(3-4), 87-115. Available at:

Beckstead A L, and Morrow S L (2004). 鈥楳ormon clients鈥� experiences of conversion therapy: The need for a new treatment approach鈥�. The Counseling Psychologist, 32(5), 651-690. Available at:

Blosnich JR, Henderson ER, Coulter R W, Goldbach JT and Meyer IH (2020). 鈥楽exual orientation change efforts, adverse childhood experiences, and suicide ideation and attempt among sexual minority adults, United States, 2016鈥�2018鈥�. American Journal of Public Health, 110(7), 1024-1030. Available at:

Borowich A E (2008). 鈥楩ailed reparative therapy of Orthodox Jewish homosexuals. Journal of Gay and Lesbian Mental Health鈥�, 12(3), 167-177. Available at:

Bradshaw K, Dehlin J P, Crowell K A, Galliher R V, and Bradshaw, W S (2015). 鈥楽exual orientation change efforts through psychotherapy for LGBQ individuals affiliated with the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints鈥�. Journal of Sex and Marital Therapy, 41(4), 391-412. Available at:

Brand P (2018). 鈥業TV News undercover: The Christian charity that claims you can change your sexuality鈥�. ITV News.

British Psychological Society (2019). 鈥楪uidelines for psychologists working with gender, sexuality and relationship diversity鈥�. British Psychological Society: Leicester.

Civil Service (2014) 鈥楻apid Evidence Assessment Toolkit Index鈥�. Available at:

Dehlin J P, Galliher R V, Bradshaw, W S, Hyde, D C, and Crowell, K A (2015). 鈥楽exual orientation change efforts among current or former LDS church members鈥�. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 62(2), 95. Available at:

Drescher J (1998). 鈥業鈥檓 your handyman: A history of reparative therapies. Journal of Homosexuality, 36(1), 19-42.

Drescher J, Schwartz A, Casoy F, McIntosh C A, Hurley B, Ashley K, Barber M, Goldenberg D, Herbert S E, Lothwell L E and Mattson M R (2016). 鈥楾he growing regulation of conversion therapy鈥�. Journal of Medical Regulation, 102(2), pp.7-12. Available at:

Drescher J (2002). 鈥楨thical concerns raised when patients seek to change same-sex attractions鈥�. Journal of Gay and Lesbian Psychotherapy, 5(3-4), 181-204. Available at:

Drescher J, Schwartz A, Casoy F, McIntosh C A, Hurley B, Ashley K and others (2016). 鈥楾he growing regulation of conversion therapy. Journal of Medical Regulation鈥�, 102(2), 7-12. Available at:

Drescher J and Zucker K J (Eds.). (2006). 鈥楨x-gay research: Analyzing the Spitzer study and its relation to science, religion, politics, and culture鈥�. New York, NY: Routledge.

Dubrowski P R (2015). 鈥楾he Ferguson vs Jonah verdict and a path towards national cessation of gay-to-straight conversion therapy鈥�. Northwestern University Law Review, 110, 77.

El Pais (2019, 18 Sep). 鈥�20.000 euros de multa a una mujer por ofrecer treapias contra la homosexualidad en Internet鈥� (20,000 euros fine for a woman for offering therapies against homosexuality on the Internet). Available at:

Fjelstrom J (2013). 鈥楽exual orientation change efforts and the search for authenticity鈥�. Journal of Homosexuality, 60(6), 801-827. Available at

Flentje A, Heck N C and Cochran B N (2013). 鈥楽exual reorientation therapy interventions: Perspectives of ex-ex-gay individuals鈥�. Journal of Gay and Lesbian Mental Health, 17(3), 256-277. Available at:

Flentje A, Heck N C and Cochran B N (2014). 鈥楨xperiences of ex-ex-gay individuals in sexual reorientation therapy: Reasons for seeking treatment, perceived helpfulness and harmfulness of treatment, and post-treatment identification鈥�. Journal of Homosexuality, 61(9), 1242-1268. Available at:

Government Equalities Office (2018). 鈥楴ational LGBT Survey: Research report鈥�. Available at:

Greenesmith H (2020, 17 June). 鈥楪ender critical support board promotes therapists who reject transgender identities鈥�. Teen Vogue. Available at:

ILGA World (2020). 鈥楥urbing deception: A world survey on legal regulation of so-called 鈥渃onversion therapies鈥濃��. Geneva: ILGA World.

Johnston L B, and Jenkins D (2006). 鈥楲esbians and gay men embrace their sexual orientation after conversion therapy and ex-gay ministries: A qualitative study鈥�. Social Work in Mental Health, 4(3), 61-82. Available at:

Jones S L and Yarhouse M A (2007). 鈥楨x-gay? A longitudinal study of religiously mediated change in sexual orientation鈥�. Downer鈥檚 Grove, IL: Intervarsity Press.

Karten E Y and Wade J C (2010). 鈥楽exual orientation change efforts in men: A client perspective鈥�. The Journal of Men鈥檚 Studies, 18(1), 84-102. Available at:

King M and Bartlett A (1999). 鈥楤ritish psychiatry and homosexuality鈥�. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 175(2), 106-113. Available at:

King M, Semlyen J, Killaspy H, Nazareth I and Osborn D (2007). 鈥楢 systematic review of research on counselling and psychotherapy for lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender people鈥�. Lutterworth: British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy.

Maccio E M (2010). 鈥業nfluence of family, religion, and social conformity on client participation in sexual reorientation therapy鈥�. Journal of homosexuality, 57(3), 441-458. Available at:

Madrigal-Borloz V (2020). 鈥楶ractices of so-called 鈥渃onversion therapy鈥�: Report of the Independent Expert on protection against violence and discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity鈥�. United Nations General Assembly. Available at:

Maccio E M (2011). 鈥楽elf-reported sexual orientation and identity before and after sexual reorientation therapy鈥�. Journal of Gay and Lesbian Mental Health, 15(3), 242-259. Available at:

McNeil J, Ellis S J and Eccles F J (2017). 鈥楽uicide in trans populations: A systematic review of prevalence and correlates鈥�. Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity, 4(3), 341-353. Available at:

Meanley S, Haberlen S A, Okafor C N, Brown A, Brennan-Ing M, Ware D, Egan J E, Teplin L A, Bolan R K, Friedman M R and Plankey M W (2020). 鈥楲ifetime exposure to conversion therapy and psychosocial health among midlife and older adult men who have sex with men鈥�. The Gerontologist. Available at:

Meyer I H (1995). 鈥楳inority stress and mental health in gay men. Journal of Health and Social Behavior鈥�, 36(1) 38-56. Available at:

Meyer I H (2003). 鈥楶rejudice, social stress, and mental health in lesbian, gay, and bisexual populations: conceptual issues and research evidence鈥�. Psychological Bulletin, 129(5), 674 to 697. Available at:

Meyer I H, Frost D M and Nezhad S (2014). 鈥楳inority stress and suicide in lesbians, gay men, and bisexuals鈥�. In P Goldblum, D L Espelage, J Chu and B Bongar (Eds.), Youth Suicide and Bullying (pp. 177鈥�187). Oxford University Press.

Mikulak M (2020). 鈥楾elling a poor man he can become rich: Reparative therapy in contemporary Poland鈥�. Sexualities, 23(1-2), 44-63. Available at:

Moberly E R (1983). 鈥橦omosexuality: A new Christian ethic鈥�. James Clarke and Co.

Nicolosi J (1991). 鈥楻eparative Therapy of Male Homosexuality: A New Clinical Approach鈥�. Maryland: Rowman and Littlefield.

Nicolosi J (2001). A developmental model for effective treatment of male homosexuality: Implications for pastoral counseling鈥�. American Journal of Pastoral Counseling, 3(3-4), 87-99. Available at:

Nicolosi J, Byrd A D and Potts R W (2000a). 鈥楤eliefs and practices of therapists who practice sexual reorientation psychotherapy鈥�. Psychological Reports, 86(2), 689-702. Available at:

Nicolosi J, Byrd A D and Potts R W (2000b). Retrospective self-reports of changes in homosexual orientation: A consumer survey of conversion therapy clients. Psychological Reports, 86(3), 1071-1088. Available at:

Outright Action International (2019) 鈥楬armful Treatment: The Global Reach of so-called Conversion Therapy鈥�. Available at:

Ozanne Foundation (2019). 鈥楩aith and sexuality survey 2018鈥�. Available at:

Pluye P, Robert E, Cargo M, Bartlett G, O鈥機athain A, Griffiths F, Boardman F, Gagnon M P and Rousseau M C (2011). 鈥楶roposal: a mixed methods appraisal tool for systematic mixed studies reviews鈥�. Available at:

Richards C and Barker M (2013). 鈥楽exuality and gender for mental health professionals: a practical guide鈥�. Sage.

Ritchie J and Spencer L (1994). 鈥楺ualitative data analysis for applied policy research鈥�. In A. Bryman and R. G. Burgess (Eds.), Analysing Qualitative Data. (pp. 172-94). London: Routledge.

Robinson C M and Spivey S E (2019). 鈥楿ngodly genders: Deconstructing ex-gay movement discourses of 鈥淭ransgenderism鈥� in the US. Social Sciences鈥�, 8(6), 191. Available at:

Ryan C, Toomey R B, Diaz R M and Russell S T (2018). 鈥楶arent-initiated sexual orientation change efforts with LGBT adolescents: Implications for young adult mental health and adjustment鈥�. Journal of Homosexuality, 67(2), 159-173. Available at:

Salway T, Ferlatte O, Gesink D and Lachowsky N J (2020). 鈥楶revalence of exposure to sexual orientation change efforts and associated sociodemographic characteristics and psychosocial health outcomes among Canadian sexual minority men鈥�. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 65(7), 502-509. Available at:

Santero P L, Whitehead N E, and Ballesteros D (2018). 鈥楨ffects of therapy on religious men who have unwanted same-sex attraction鈥�. The Linacre Quarterly. Available at: (Retraction published 2020, The Linacre Quarterly, 87(1) 108. Available at:

Schroeder M and Shidlo A (2002). 鈥楨thical issues in sexual orientation conversion therapies: An empirical study of consumers鈥�. Journal of Gay and Lesbian Psychotherapy, 5(3-4), 131-166. Available at:

Serovich J M, Craft S M, Toviessi P, Gangamma R, McDowell T and Grafsky E L (2008). 鈥楢 systematic review of the research base on sexual reorientation therapies鈥�. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 34(2), 227-238. Available at:

Shidlo A, and Schroeder M (2002). 鈥楥hanging sexual orientation: A consumers鈥� report鈥�. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 33(3), 249. Available at:

Spitzer R L (2003). 鈥楥an some gay men and lesbians change their sexual orientation? 200 participants reporting a change from homosexual to heterosexual orientation鈥�. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 32(5), 403-417. Available at:

Spitzer R L (2012). Spitzer reassesses his 2003 study of reparative therapy of homosexuality. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 41(4), 757-757. Available at:

Strudwick P (2011). 鈥楥onversion therapy: she tried to make me 鈥榩ray the gay away鈥�. The Guardian. Available at:

Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. (2015). 鈥楨nding conversion therapy: Supporting and affirming LGBTQ youth鈥� (HHS Publication No. (SMA) 15-4928).

Suen Y T and Chan R C H (2020). 鈥楢 nationwide cross-sectional study of 15,611 lesbian, gay and bisexual people in China: disclosure of sexual orientation and experiences of negative treatment in health care鈥�. International Journal for Equity in Health, 19 (46), 1-12. Available at:

Throckmorton W (2019, July 17) 鈥榃ho invented the therapy in those Joseph Nicolosi books banned by Amazon?鈥� Available at:

Throckmorton W and Welton G (2005). 鈥楥ounseling practices as they relate to ratings of helpfulness by consumers of sexual reorientation therapy鈥�. Journal of Psychology and Christianity, 24(4), 332.

Tozer E E, and Hayes J A (2004). 鈥榃hy do individuals seek conversion therapy? The role of religiosity, internalized homonegativity, and identity development鈥�. The Counseling Psychologist, 32(5), 716-740. Available at:

Turban J L, Beckwith N, Reisner S L, and Keuroghlian, A S (2019). 鈥楶sychological attempts to change a person鈥檚 gender identity from transgender to cisgender: Estimated prevalence across US States, 2015鈥�. American Journal of Public Health, 109(10), 1452-1454. Available at:

Turban J L, Beckwith N, Reisner S L, and Keuroghlian, A S (2020). 鈥楢ssociation between recalled exposure to gender identity conversion efforts and psychological distress and suicide attempts among transgender adults鈥�. Jama Psychiatry, 77(1), 68-76. Available at:

United Nations Independent Expert on protection against violence and discrimination based on Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity, (2020). 鈥楻eport on conversion therapy鈥�. United Nations Human Rights Council. Available at:

Van Zyl J, Nel K, and Govender S. (2017). 鈥楻eparative sexual orientation therapy effects on gay sexual identities. Journal of Psychology in Africa鈥�, 27(2), 191-197. Available at:

Van Zyl J, Nel K, and Govender S. (2018). 鈥楪ender identity issues in pastoral reparative therapy in the Nederduitse Gereformeerde Kerk (NGK), South Africa鈥�. Gender and Behaviour, 16(1), 10668-10676.

Weiss E M, Morehouse J, Yeager T, and Berry T (2010). 鈥楢 qualitative study of ex-gay and ex-ex-gay experiences鈥�. Journal of Gay and Lesbian Mental Health, 14(4), 291-319. Available at:

Wolkomir M (2001). 鈥楨motion work, commitment, and the authentication of the self: The case of gay and ex-gay Christian support groups鈥�. Journal of Contemporary Ethnography, 30(3), 305-334. Available at:

Wright T, Candy B, and King M (2018). 鈥楥onversion therapies and access to transition-related healthcare in transgender people: a narrative systematic review鈥�. BMJ Open, 8(12), e022425. Available at:

Yardley KM (1976). 鈥楾raining in feminine skills in a male transsexual: a pre-operative procedure鈥�. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 49, 329-339. Available at: