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England measles epidemiology 2025

This report describes measles epidemiology in England from 1 January 2025.

Situational update

In 2024 there were 2,911 laboratory confirmed measles cases in England, the highest number of cases recorded annually, since 2012. Data for 2023 and 2024 and historical data are available.

Since 1 January 2025, there have been 811 laboratory confirmed measles cases reported in England, an increase of 39 cases since the last report on 25 September 2025 (Figures 1 and 2). Measles case numbers started to increase in April 2025 with outbreaks particularly affecting London and the North West regions. However, since mid-July activity has been on a downward trend.

Summary

The number of laboratory confirmed measles cases by month of symptom onset in 2025 to date are:

• January: 88
• February: 68
• March: 68
• April: 109
• May: 130
• June: 126
• July: 122
• August: 51
• September: 31
• October: 18 to date

The provides tabular data on the total number of cases by week of onset in 2025.

The majority (561 of 811, 69%) of these cases were in children aged 10 years and under, and 25% (205 of 811) were in young people and adults aged 15 years and over (Table 1). 51% (417 of 811) of these cases have been in London, 15% (125 of 811) in the North West, and 8% (68 of 811) in the East of England. 94 upper tier local authorities (UTLAs) have reported at least one confirmed case with symptom onset since January 2025, with the highest numbers reported in Hackney (104 of 811, 13%), Bristol (48 of 811, 6%) and Salford (40 of 811, 5%) (Table 2).

The vaccination status of all confirmed cases is published quarterly in the related health protection reports.

In 2025, one acute measles-related death occurred in a child who was known to have other medical conditions. Information on historical measles-related deaths is available on the notifications and deaths webpage.

Recent activity

There have been 27 laboratory confirmed measles cases with symptom onset date in the 4 weeks since 22 September 2025. Data reporting lags have the greatest impact on the most recent 4 weeks and therefore the reported figures are likely to underestimate activity.

London (37%, 10 of 27) and the West Midlands ( 37%, 10 of 27) reported the highest number of cases in the most recent 4 weeks, followed by the East Midlands (11%, 3 of 27). 12 UTLAs have reported at least one confirmed case with symptom onset since 22 September 2025. No UTLAs have reported 10 or more cases in the past 4 weeks.

Figure 1. Laboratory confirmed cases of measles by month of onset of rash or symptoms reported, London and England: 1 January 2012 to 20 October 2025 [notes 1 and 2]

Figure 2. Laboratory confirmed cases of measles by week of onset of rash or symptoms reported, London and England: 1 January 2025 to 20 October 2025 [notes 1 and 2]

Note 1: Cases confirmed through either local or reference laboratory testing.

Note 2: Data are provisional and subject to change as:

• more suspected cases undergo confirmatory testing
• some locally tested cases are discarded after confirmatory testing at the reference laboratory

The data reporting lag has had the greatest impact on the most recent 4 weeks and therefore the reported figures are likely to underestimate activity. For this reason, these data points are represented by dotted lines.

Table 1. Laboratory confirmed cases of measles by age group and region in England: 1 January 2025 to 20 October 2025 [note 3]

Age group	East Midlands	East of England	London	North East	North West	South East	South West	West Midlands	Yorkshire and Humber	England
less than 1 year	6	7	40	1	24	3	10	8	4	103
1 to 4 years	7	18	147	2	49	5	15	19	14	276
5 to 10 years	0	20	115	0	24	5	6	5	7	182
11 to 14 years	1	4	28	0	3	0	4	2	3	45
15 to 24 years	4	9	32	0	7	8	5	8	4	77
25 to 34 years	3	7	36	0	10	3	11	2	2	74
35 years and older	1	3	19	3	8	7	9	0	4	54
Total	22	68	417	6	125	31	60	44	38	811

Note 3: Data are provisional and subject to change as:

• more suspected cases undergo confirmatory testing
• some locally tested cases are discarded after confirmatory testing at the reference laboratory

Table 2. Number of laboratory confirmed measles cases by region and upper tier local authority (UTLA), England: 1 January 2025 to 20 October 2025 [note 4]

Upper tier local authority (UTLA)	Region	Total cases
Hackney	London	104
Bristol	South West	48
Salford	North West	40
Birmingham	West Midlands	35
Croydon	London	31
Leeds	Yorkshire and Humber	29
Haringey	London	28
Newham	London	26
Hertfordshire	East of England	23
Camden	London	22
Essex	East of England	22
Lewisham	London	21
Knowsley	North West	19
Harrow	London	18
Waltham Forest	London	18
Islington	London	16
Enfield	London	14
Barnet	London	13
Wandsworth	London	12
Manchester	North West	11
Southwark	London	11
Cheshire West and Chester	North West	10

Note 4: Case counts have been suppressed to not present any UTLAs with fewer than 10 cases.

Data are provisional and subject to change as:

• more suspected cases undergo confirmatory testing
• some locally tested cases are discarded after obtaining further epidemiological information or undergoing confirmatory testing at the reference laboratory

This page is updated every 4 weeks. The next scheduled update is 20 November 2025.