Research and analysis

NOIDs causative agents: week 2 (week ending 16 January 2022)

Updated 16 January 2023

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NOIDs weekly report

Laboratories in England have a statutory duty to notify the UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) of the identification of the following causative agents:

  • Bacillus anthracis
  • Bacillus cereus
  • Bordetella pertussis
  • Borrelia spp
  • Brucella spp
  • Burkholderia mallei
  • Burkholderia pseudomallei
  • Campylobacter spp
  • Carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacteria
  • Chikungunya virus
  • Chlamydophila psittaci
  • Clostridium botulinum
  • Clostridium perfringens
  • Clostridium tetani
  • Corynebacterium diphtheriae
  • Corynebacterium ulcerans
  • Coxiella burnetii
  • Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus
  • Cryptosporidium spp
  • Dengue virus
  • Ebola virus
  • Entamoeba histolytica
  • Escherichia coli O 157
  • Francisella tularensis
  • Giardia lamblia
  • Guanarito virus
  • Haemophilus influenzae (invasive)
  • Hanta virus
  • Hepatitis A
  • Hepatitis B
  • Hepatitis C
  • Hepatitis D
  • Hepatitis E
  • Influenza virus
  • Junin virus
  • Kyasanur Forest disease virus
  • Lassa virus
  • Legionella spp
  • Leptospira interrogans
  • Listeria monocytogenes
  • Machupo virus
  • Marburg virus
  • Measles virus
  • Mumps virus
  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex
  • Neisseria meningitidis
  • Omsk haemorrhagic fever virus
  • Plasmodium falciparum
  • Plasmodium Knowlesi
  • Plasmodium Malariae
  • Plasmodium Ovale
  • Plasmodium Vivax
  • Polio virus
  • Rabies virus
  • Rickettsia spp
  • Rift Valley fever virus
  • Rubella virus
  • Sabia virus
  • Salmonella spp
  • SARS coronavirus
  • Shigella spp
  • Streptococcus group A (invasive)
  • Streptococcus pneumoniae (invasive)
  • Varicella zoster virus
  • Variola virus
  • Vibrio cholerae
  • West Nile Virus
  • Yellow fever virus
  • Yersinia pestis

Statutory notifications of causative agents grouped by root organism

Totals for the current week compared to the previous 5.

Week notification received 2021/49 2021/50 2021/51 2021/52 2022/01 2022/02
Bacillus Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Bacillus cereus 17 29 12 15 12 19
Bordetella Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Bordetella pertussis - - 1 2 1 -
Borrelia Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Borrelia burgdorferi 15 9 17 3 10 10
Borrelia sp 1 - - - - 1
Borrelia tillae 2 - 3 - 1 -
Brucella Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Brucella melitensis - - - 1 - -
Campylobacter Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Campylobacter coli 20 22 21 12 16 15
Campylobacter curvus - - 1 - - -
Campylobacter fetus - - - - 1 -
Campylobacter jejuni 239 217 220 121 137 212
Campylobacter sp 711 648 681 446 555 616
Campylobacter upsaliensis - - 2 - - -
Chikungunya virus Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Chikungunya virus - 2 1 - - -
Clostridium Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Clostridium perfringens 35 23 19 27 31 20
Coronavirus Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Coronavirus 130 100 120 66 66 30
Human coronavirus 229e 1 1 1 - - -
Mers coronavirus 2 - - - - -
SARS coronavirus 2 1 - - 1 2
SARS-CoV-2 antibody indeterminate 172 256 145 123 195 167
SARS-CoV-2 antibody void 78 91 84 82 327 2,578
SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus (COVID-19) 304,615 505,944 695,581 977,770 959,603 616,013
SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus (COVID-19) indeterminate 4,453 4,482 5,455 6,617 9,752 6,398
SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus (COVID-19) negative 10 1 1 4 25 -
SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus (COVID-19) void 1 - 2 1 53 -
SARS-CoV-2 IgA antibody positive - - - - 1 -
SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody negative 1,965 2,357 2,083 1,519 2,253 2,110
SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody positive 4,285 4,785 4,268 3,300 4,908 5,072
SARS-CoV-2 IgM antibody negative 33 1 1 1 13 1
SARS-CoV-2 IgM antibody positive 2 - - 1 2 -
SARS-CoV-2 total antibody negative 4,047 2,913 3,698 2,457 6,168 22,211
SARS-CoV-2 total antibody positive 5,967 5,822 6,176 5,112 8,661 20,518
Corynebacterium Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Corynebacterium diphtheriae 1 3 - 1 - -
Cryptosporidium Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Cryptosporidium hominis 1 - 2 1 - -
Cryptosporidium parvum 26 37 7 10 22 18
Cryptosporidium sp 21 41 27 7 18 27
Entamoeba Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Entamoeba histolytica 1 3 - - 5 -
Escherichia Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Escherichia coli O 157 6 2 2 4 7 4
Flaviviruses Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Dengue virus - 2 2 1 - -
Haemophilus Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Haemophilus influenzae 56 60 43 41 28 42
Hepatitis viruses Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Hepatitis A 9 6 9 2 8 8
Hepatitis B 156 141 160 99 96 123
Hepatitis C 229 425 385 196 185 377
Hepatitis D 3 4 - 2 2 2
Hepatitis E 25 19 27 13 15 24
Influenza virus Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Influenza A 258 243 196 166 146 68
Influenza B 67 78 31 18 25 38
Influenza indeterminate 6 - 4 - - -
Influenza ungrouped - 1 6 2 1 -
Legionella Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Legionella other named - - - 1 - -
Legionella pneumophila 2 3 5 - 3 5
Legionella sp 4 1 3 2 2 1
Listeria Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Listeria monocytogenes 5 3 3 4 1 1
Mycobacterium Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Mycobacterium tuberculosis 48 48 50 38 47 38
Neisseria Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Neisseria meningitidis 6 14 11 9 5 13
Paramyxoviruses Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Measles virus 1 1 - - - -
Mumps virus - 3 1 2 2 2
Plasmodium Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Plasmodium falciparum - 10 2 - 8 1
Plasmodium ovale - 2 - - - -
Plasmodium vivax - 1 - - - -
Polyomavirus Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Polyomavirus BK 20 30 36 20 14 37
Polyomavirus JC 3 2 3 1 - 3
Rubella virus Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Rubella virus 3 3 2 1 2 3
Salmonella Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Other salmonellas 42 39 49 33 18 15
Salmonella enteritidis 24 20 16 - 8 5
Salmonella infantis - 5 8 - - -
Salmonella mbandaka 5 - - - - -
Salmonella newport 6 - - - - -
Salmonella sp 5 - 8 21 50 96
Salmonella typhi and paratyphi 5 - 6 - - 5
Salmonella typhimurium 22 15 19 6 6 12
Shigella Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Shigella boydii - - - - - 1
Shigella dysenteriae - 1 - - - -
Shigella flexneri 10 8 8 4 5 2
Shigella sonnei 11 12 12 7 3 4
Shigella sp 12 16 8 20 13 19
Streptococcus Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Streptococcus group A 26 25 29 19 10 27
Streptococcus pneumoniae 123 97 108 124 80 62

Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE)[footnote 1]

Please note: the numbers presented here do not include specimens that have been referred to the AMRHAI Reference Unit.

Week notification received 2021/49 2021/50 2021/51 2021/52 2022/01 2022/02
Citrobacter Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Citrobacter spp Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
KPC - - 1 1 - 1
NDM 1 - - 1 - -
OXA48 2 2 1 2 - -
Enterobacter Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Enterobacter cloacae complex Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
IMP - 1 - - 1 -
KPC 2 1 4 1 1 -
NDM - - 1 - 1 -
OXA48 2 1 2 - - -
Other - - - 1 - -
Escherichia Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Escherichia coli Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
IMP 1 - - - - -
KPC 4 1 1 4 2 -
NDM - 4 1 4 1 1
OXA48 2 2 5 - 1 -
Other - 1 - - - -
Klebsiella Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Klebsiella aerogenes Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
NDM - 1 - - - -
Klebsiella oxytoca Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
KPC - 1 1 1 1 -
OXA48 - 1 - 1 - -
Klebsiella pneumoniae Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
KPC 5 2 - 1 4 -
NDM 5 1 3 5 3 1
OXA48 4 1 4 6 3 2
VIM 1 - 1 - - -
Other - - - 4 3 -
Raoultella Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Raoultella ornithinolytica Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
OXA48 - - - 1 - -

Other carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative organisms[footnote 1]

Please note: The numbers presented here do not include specimens that have been referred to the AMRHAI Reference Unit.

Week notification received 2021/49 2021/50 2021/51 2021/52 2022/01 2022/02
Pseudomonas Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Pseudomonas aeruginosa Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
IMP - - - 2 - -
VIM 2 - - 1 - 1
Other - 1 2 1 1 3

  1. For all Carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative organisms, the reports are de-duplicated by first mention of organism species and resistance mechanism by person in a rolling 52-week period.Ìý↩Ìý↩2

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