Research and analysis

NOIDs causative agents: week 27 (week ending 10 July 2022)

Updated 16 January 2023

NOIDs weekly report

Laboratories in England have a statutory duty to notify the UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) of the identification of the following causative agents:

  • Bacillus anthracis
  • Bacillus cereus
  • Bordetella pertussis
  • Borrelia spp
  • Brucella spp
  • Burkholderia mallei
  • Burkholderia pseudomallei
  • Campylobacter spp
  • Carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacteria
  • Chikungunya virus
  • Chlamydophila psittaci
  • Clostridium botulinum
  • Clostridium perfringens
  • Clostridium tetani
  • Corynebacterium diphtheriae
  • Corynebacterium ulcerans
  • Coxiella burnetii
  • Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus
  • Cryptosporidium spp
  • Dengue virus
  • Ebola virus
  • Entamoeba histolytica
  • Escherichia coli O 157
  • Francisella tularensis
  • Giardia lamblia
  • Guanarito virus
  • Haemophilus influenzae (invasive)
  • Hanta virus
  • Hepatitis A
  • Hepatitis B
  • Hepatitis C
  • Hepatitis D
  • Hepatitis E
  • Influenza virus
  • Junin virus
  • Kyasanur Forest disease virus
  • Lassa virus
  • Legionella spp
  • Leptospira interrogans
  • Listeria monocytogenes
  • Machupo virus
  • Marburg virus
  • Measles virus
  • Monkeypox virus
  • Mumps virus
  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex
  • Neisseria meningitidis
  • Omsk haemorrhagic fever virus
  • Plasmodium falciparum
  • Plasmodium knowlesi
  • Plasmodium malariae
  • Plasmodium ovale
  • Plasmodium vivax
  • Polio virus
  • Rabies virus
  • Rickettsia spp
  • Rift Valley fever virus
  • Rubella virus
  • Sabia virus
  • Salmonella spp
  • SARS Coronavirus
  • Shigella spp
  • Streptococcus group A (invasive)
  • Streptococcus pneumoniae (invasive)
  • Varicella zoster virus
  • Variola virus
  • Vibrio cholerae
  • West Nile virus
  • Yellow fever virus
  • Yersinia pestis

Statutory notifications of causative agents, grouped by root organism

Totals for the current week compared to the previous 5.

Week notification received 2022/22 2022/23 2022/24 2022/25 2022/26 2022/27
Arboviruses Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
West nile virus - - - - 1 -
Bacillus Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Bacillus anthracis - - - - 2 -
Bacillus cereus 15 19 25 23 19 18
Bordetella Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Bordetella pertussis - 3 2 - 2 -
Borrelia Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Borrelia burgdorferi 17 23 21 13 15 27
Borrelia sp 1 1 2 3 2 1
Borrelia tillae - 1 - 3 1 -
Brucella Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Brucella melitensis 1 - 1 - - 2
Brucella sp - 1 - - - -
Burkholderia Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Burkholderia pseudomallei - - 1 - - 1
Campylobacter Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Campylobacter coli 24 34 60 46 57 56
Campylobacter fetus - - - 1 - -
Campylobacter jejuni 275 354 418 366 386 296
Campylobacter lari - 1 - 2 3 1
Campylobacter other named 1 2 - - - -
Campylobacter sp 865 1,211 1,282 1,176 1,141 1,188
Campylobacter ureolyticus (bacteroides corrodens) - 1 1 - 1 -
Chikungunya virus Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Chikungunya virus 1 - - 2 1 1
Clostridium Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Clostridium perfringens 27 28 23 33 27 18
Coronavirus Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Coronavirus 38 62 67 13 27 51
Human coronavirus hku1 - - - - 1 -
SARS coronavirus - - - - 1 -
SARS-CoV-2 antibody indeterminate 49 120 145 176 194 145
SARS-CoV-2 antibody void 27 28 121 40 28 34
SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus (covid- 19) 40,439 66,898 86,153 114,965 145,812 178,044
SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus (covid- 19) indeterminate 752 860 776 838 858 954
SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody negative 305 623 711 671 776 639
SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody positive 747 1,760 2,808 2,283 2,018 1,726
SARS-CoV-2 IgM antibody negative 2 3 15 - 1 -
SARS-CoV-2 IgM antibody positive - - 6 - 1 -
SARS-CoV-2 total antibody negative 277 615 2,779 611 580 577
SARS-CoV-2 total antibody positive 1,055 1,680 3,696 1,673 1,778 1,822
Corynebacterium Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Corynebacterium diphtheriae 1 5 3 1 - 2
Corynebacterium ulcerans - - - - - 1
Coxiella Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Coxiella burnetii - 1 - - - -
Cryptosporidium Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Cryptosporidium felis 1 - - - - -
Cryptosporidium hominis 1 6 4 2 2 4
Cryptosporidium meleagridis - - 1 - - -
Cryptosporidium parvum 21 25 21 25 24 14
Cryptosporidium sp 10 20 15 23 14 29
Entamoeba Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Entamoeba histolytica 2 - 1 3 - 1
Escherichia Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Escherichia coli O 157 7 15 12 13 8 4
Flaviviruses Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Dengue virus - - 1 6 1 1
Giardia Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Giardia lamblia 2 3 3 - 3 1
Haemophilus Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Haemophilus influenzae 54 62 48 67 54 49
Hepatitis viruses Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Hepatitis A 6 13 15 11 15 18
Hepatitis B 131 186 211 195 180 215
Hepatitis C 326 320 455 365 445 389
Hepatitis D - 6 3 2 2 1
Hepatitis E 21 37 39 32 29 39
Influenza virus Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Influenza A 173 181 135 118 98 123
Influenza B 21 27 17 18 27 16
Influenza indeterminate - - - 1 - -
Influenza ungrouped 1 10 18 - 23 60
Legionella Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Legionella other named 1 - - - - -
Legionella pneumophila 2 6 2 3 4 5
Legionella sp - 3 2 2 3 5
Listeria Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Listeria monocytogenes 2 4 3 1 1 5
Mycobacterium Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Mycobacterium tuberculosis 60 114 76 57 58 59
Neisseria Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Neisseria meningitidis 11 14 13 12 5 14
Orthopoxvirus Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Monkeypox virus 2 391 238 211 440 390
Paramyxoviruses Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Measles virus 1 6 2 1 2 4
Mumps virus 2 2 1 1 4 4
Plasmodium Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Plasmodium falciparum 1 - - - 8 1
Polyomavirus Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Polyomavirus BK 26 36 46 23 41 82
Polyomavirus JC 2 5 1 2 4 2
Rubella virus Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Rubella virus - 11 11 1 2 11
Salmonella Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Other salmonellas 43 52 65 64 37 26
Salmonella enteritidis 30 48 66 55 30 13
Salmonella infantis 16 13 9 7 10 -
Salmonella newport 5 - 6 8 - -
Salmonella sp 13 20 20 43 130 146
Salmonella typhi and paratyphi 17 11 7 8 7 6
Salmonella typhimurium 13 19 36 27 22 15
Salmonella virchow - - 5 - - -
Shigella Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Shigella boydii 1 - 1 1 2 -
Shigella dysenteriae - 1 1 - 1 -
Shigella flexneri 9 13 18 15 17 5
Shigella sonnei 16 8 11 9 8 9
Shigella sp 23 40 38 39 45 44
Streptococcus Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Streptococcus group A 48 84 44 64 49 65
Streptococcus pneumoniae 91 120 74 68 93 75
Vibrio Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Vibrio cholerae - - 2 1 - -

Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE)*

Please note: The numbers presented here do not include specimens that have been referred to the AMRHAI Reference Unit

Week notification received 2022/22 2022/23 2022/24 2022/25 2022/26
Citrobacter Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Citrobacter spp KPC 1 1 1 - -
Ìý OXA48 - - - 1 -
Ìý VIM - - - 1 -
Enterobacter Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Enterobacter cloacae complex IMP 1 1 - 1 -
Ìý KPC 2 - 2 3 -
Ìý NDM - 1 1 3 -
Ìý OXA48 - - - 2 -
Ìý VIM - - - 1 -
Other enterobacter spp IMP - - 1 - -
Ìý NDM 1 - - - -
Escherichia Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Escherichia coli IMP 1 1 - 1 -
Ìý KPC 2 1 1 - 1
Ìý NDM 2 7 6 5 1
Ìý OXA48 1 1 4 5 -
Ìý VIM - - - 1 -
Ìý Other 1 - 1 - -
Klebsiella Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Klebsiella oxytoca KPC 1 - - - 1
Ìý OXA48 - 1 - 2 -
Klebsiella pneumoniae KPC 3 1 2 5 -
Ìý NDM 1 4 3 4 -
Ìý OXA48 2 1 6 - 2
Ìý VIM 1 - - - -
Ìý Other 1 - 1 1 -
Leclercia Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Leclercia adecarboxylata KPC - 1 - - -

Other carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative organisms*

Please note: The numbers presented here do not include specimens that have been referred to the AMRHAI Reference Unit

Week notification received 2022/22 2022/23 2022/24 2022/25 2022/26 2022/27
Pseudomonas Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý Ìý
Pseudomonas aeruginosa IMP - 1 - - - -
Ìý Other 2 - 1 2 - -

*for all Carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative organisms, the reports are de- duplicated by first mention of organism species and resistance mechanism by person in a rolling 52-week period