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Section 1: Key statistics

Figure 1.1: A map of England with the South East (including London) region highlighted

Source:

The South East (including London) region comprises Berkshire, Buckinghamshire, Oxfordshire, Surrey, Sussex, Hampshire, Isle of Wight, Kent and London.

Key statistics for the South East (including London) region

• Total Income from Farming^{[footnote 1]} in 2023 was 拢545 million, a decrease of 32% since 2022 (Source: Total Income from Farming for the regions of England).
• In 2023, the largest contributors to the output^{[footnote 2]} value (拢2.4 billion) were fruits (拢362 million), wheat (拢338 million), plants and flowers (拢192 million) and milk (拢185 million). These commodities accounted for 46% of the output (Source: Total Income from Farming for the regions of England).
• The average farm size in 2023 was 88 hectares (Table 1.1). This is the fourth smallest average farm size of all the English regions and the same as the English average of 88 hectares.
• The predominant farm types in 2023 were grazing livestock (40% of the region鈥檚 holdings) and general cropping (23% of the region鈥檚 holdings) farms (Figure 1.4).
• Across all farm types, average Farm Business Income^{[footnote 3]} was 拢102,700 per farm in 2022/23, which was an increase of 26% from 2021/22 (Figure 1.6).

Figure 1.2: Distribution of farms by size in 2023 (percentage of farm holdings)

Region	<5 ha	5<20 ha	20<50 ha	50<100 ha	鈮�100 ha	Total
South East (including London)	14%	29%	20%	13%	23%	100%
England	13%	26%	20%	17%	24%	100%

Source: Defra, June Survey

Notes:

1. 鈥渉a鈥� means 鈥渉ectares鈥�

2. Proportions may not sum to 100% due to rounding.

Figure 1.3: Distribution of farms by size in 2023 (percentage of farmed area)

Region	<5 ha	5<20 ha	20<50 ha	50<100 ha	鈮�100 ha	Total
South East (including London)	0.3%	3.7%	7.5%	11%	78%	100%
England	0.3%	3.3%	7.7%	14%	75%	100%

Source: Defra, June Survey

Notes:

1. 鈥渉a鈥� means 鈥渉ectares鈥�

2. Proportions may not sum to 100% due to rounding.

Table 1.1: Land use in 2023

Measure	South East (including London)	England
Total farmed area (thousand hectares)	1,099	8,999
Average farm size (hectares)	88	88
Rented (% of farmed area)	31%	32%
Arable (% of farmed area)	56%	53%
Permanent pasture (% of farmed area)	30%	34%

Source: Defra, June Survey

Notes:

1. Arable includes arable crops, uncropped arable land and temporary grass.

2. Rented land must be rented for at least one year.

Table 1.2: Crop areas in 2023 (thousand hectares)

Crop	South East (including London)	England	South East (including London) as % of England
Wheat	205	1,580	13%
Barley	99	799	12%
Oilseed rape	44	342	13%
Orchards	7.8	19	41%
Small fruit	5.4	10	53%
Glasshouse	0.3	1.1	31%

Source: Defra, June Survey

Notes:

1. Crops displayed are those more predominant in the area.

2. Further data notes on crops can be found below the relevant tables in the .

Table 1.3: Livestock numbers in 2023 (thousand head)

Livestock	South East (including London)	England	South East (including London) as % of England
Cattle	349	4,864	7.2%
Dairy herd	51	1,053	4.9%
Beef herd	59	602	9.8%
Pigs	146	3,633	4.0%
Sheep	1,135	14,451	7.9%
Poultry	6,772	130,549	5.2%
Laying flock	2,447	23,007	11%
Table chickens	2,442	91,096	2.7%
Turkeys	69	2,417	2.9%

Source: Defra, June Survey

Notes:

1. Livestock displayed are those more predominant in the area.

2. Cattle numbers relate to commercial holdings only.

3. Sheep numbers include lambs.

Figure 1.4: Distribution of farms by type in 2023 (percentage of farm holdings)

Region	Cereals	General cropping	Horticulture	Dairy	Grazing livestock	Mixed	Pigs, Poultry & Other	Total
South East (including London)	19%	23%	6.3%	1.9%	40%	6.8%	3.7%	100%
England	17%	21%	3.7%	5.0%	41%	7.0%	4.9%	100%

Source: Defra, June Survey

Notes:

1. Proportions may not sum to 100% due to rounding.

2. 鈥淥ther鈥� refers to unclassified farm types.

Figure 1.5: Distribution of farms by type in 2023 (percentage of farmed area)

Region	Cereals	General cropping	Horticulture	Dairy	Grazing livestock	Mixed	Pigs, Poultry & Other	Total
South East (including London)	47%	14%	3.7%	4.6%	20%	9.6%	1.1%	100%
England	34%	17%	1.9%	8.3%	28%	9.2%	1.9%	100%

Source: Defra, June Survey

Notes:

1. Proportions may not sum to 100% due to rounding.

2. 鈥淥ther鈥� refers to unclassified farm types.

Figure 1.6: Average Farm Business Income in 2021/22 and 2022/23 (拢 per farm)

Farm type	South East (including London)	England
All farm types (2022/23)	102,700 (卤31,300)	96,100 (卤9,000)
Cereals (2022/23)	179,700 (卤76,100)	150,400 (卤24,700)
Horticulture (2022/23)	81,700 (卤78,300)	95,600 (卤59,800)
Grazing livestock (2022/23)	20,900 (卤10,200)	22,900 (卤4,100)
All farm types (2021/22)	81,800 (卤18,500)	86,100 (卤6,600)
Cereals (2021/22)	116,800 (卤38,200)	120,100 (卤16,600)
Horticulture (2021/22)	75,400 (卤45,300)	60,600 (卤25,500)
Grazing livestock (2021/22)	33,500 (卤12,700)	37,100 (卤3,500)

Source: Defra, Farm Business Survey (regional breakdown not published elsewhere)

Notes:

1. The Farm Business Survey year runs from March to February.

2. Excludes farms with less than 25,000 euros of standard output.

3. Farm types displayed are those more predominant in the area.

4. Lines or values in parentheses indicate the 95% confidence intervals.

5. Values are rounded to the nearest 拢100

Table 1.4: Labour force in 2023 (number of people)

Measure	South East (including London)	England	South East (including London) as % of England
Total labour	45,592	292,401	16%
Total labour per farm	3.6	2.9	[z]
Regular workers	11,471	64,583	18%
Regular workers per farm	0.9	0.6	[z]
Casual workers	10,868	37,027	29%
Casual workers per farm	0.9	0.4	[z]
% full time	39%	46%	[z]
% part time	32%	37%	[z]
% casual	24%	13%	[z]

Source: Defra, June Survey

Notes:

1. 鈥淸z]鈥� means 鈥渘ot applicable鈥�

2. Total labour includes farmers, partners, directors, spouses, salaried managers, regular and casual workers.

3. Casual workers are those usually employed for less than 20 weeks of the year.

4. Number of workers per farm calculations are averages based on the total number of farm holdings in the region.

5. Part time workers are those employed for less than 39 hours a week.

6. Percentage calculations for full and part time workers do not include salaried managers.

Section 2: Data notes

Figures are for commercial holdings as at June 2023 (unless stated otherwise). Commercial holdings are those with levels of farming activity above a specified threshold as detailed in this publication鈥檚 guidance note. For further information about the June Survey of Agriculture and Horticulture please visit our survey notes and guidance page on 伊人直播.

鈥淩egion鈥� in this statistical notice refers to 1 (ITL1) for England. The ITL1 regions for Greater London and the South East have been combined in this statistical notice due to the fact that London has such a small farming infrastructure.

Section 3: Other geographical breakdowns

Defra June Survey data aggregated at other geographical classifications can be found in the Structure of the agricultural industry in England and the UK at June statistical data set on 伊人直播.

England regional data for aggregate agricultural accounts (including data at ITL2 and ITL3) can be found in the Total Income from Farming for the regions of England publication on 伊人直播.

English county data for farm accounts from the Farm Business Survey can be found on the .

Section 4: Contact details